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8


 

Ϻ մٷδ ̴. ׷ ִ ;ߴ.1 ѱ 2 Ǿ £ ó̴. ׷ 迡 ο ߴ. 

ο ε Ҵ. Ʋ ڰ, ο Ϸ Ѵ. £ ο Ÿ ߴ.

 

(↑)

: պǥ ּ.
ǥ: Ÿ ̴ϱ? , , ִµ ô
Դϴ.
: ׷ ּ. 
մٷ: ⼭ ñ ؼ  ٸ? 
: ð ð ϱ å濡 ?3 
մٷ: ׷, ̾.

( ȿ)

: å . а 츮 Ȱ̶ åε ̷ ߴ޿ 츮 Ȱ ޶.
մٷ: ʿ . ׷ а ɸ ϰ ־.
: ׷? ǻ ƴϰ?
մٷ: ǻ ִ ƴ϶,4 ǻ 츮 Ȱ  ̿ϴ ־.
: ׷ ϰ ҰŴ? 
մٷ: ȸ翡 ־.
׷ ȸ翡 Ϸ ã ̾.5
: ׷ ȸ ְ ٹ ð ª? ׷ ֽ ٰ ڶϴ. 
մٷ: , ȸ ׷ ϰ . ׷ ׷ ȸ翡 Ϸ ɸ ˾ƾ Ѵٰ ׷.6 

б: Ͽ / Extra Reading

̱ Ǹ 븮 ũ . , е ̰ ִ. а ϱ ̿ , ̰ ִ. ̰ ̱⵵ ϴ. 

̴߽. ѱ ߿ ̰ . £ ÿ ϴ.

 


( Patterns and Grammar Notes )

1.

D.V. + (/)ϴ

=> "to feel . . ." 

Most descriptive verbs of emotion are turned into action verbs by attaching -(/)ϴ, thereby changing intransitive verbs to transitive verbs.

ڴ  "to be happy" 
  "to be sad"  
Ӵ  "to be distressed" 
ִ "to be fun" 
  "to be good" 
ȴ  "to dislike" 
̴  "to be joyful" 
- ʹ "to wish/want"

⻵ϴ  "to feel happy" 
ϴ  "to mourn" 
οϴ  "to suffer" 
־ ϴ "to enjoy" 
ϴ  "to like" 
Ⱦϴ  "to dislike" 
ſϴ  "to enjoy" 
- ;ϴ  "to wish/want to"
  • ģ ſ. 
    => I enjoy meeting with my friend. 

  • ư ģ ſؿ. 
    => Maria enjoys meeting with her friend. 

  • θ . 
    => I am sad about not seeing my parents. 

  • θ ؿ. 
    => He moans/is sad about not being able 
    to see his parents. 

  • å å . 
    => I like this book better than that book. 

  • å å Ѵ. 
    => I like this book better than that book.

  • ȭ ʹ. 
    => I want to see a movie. 

  • ˷ ȭ ;Ѵ. 
    => Alex also wants to see a movie. 


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2.  A.V. + / () . . . Ǵ
=> "it's been . . . since . . ."

This pattern is used to indicate that a time period has lapsed since the action or event.
  • ѱ () 10 ƾ. 
    => It's been ten years since I came to Korea. 
  • () 3 ð ƾ. 
    => It's been three hours since I had my meal. 
  • ģ ƾ. 
    => It's been awhile since I saw my friend. 
  • ӵΰ 󸶳 ƾ? 
    => How long has it been since the highway was built? 


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3.  Polite suggestions - () ?
=> "How about . . ."

Politeness is an important aspect of the Korean language. The following list indicates the increasing degrees of politeness.

  • -() ? 
    => "How about it?" (nonpolite) 
  • -() ?  
    => "How about it, please?" (polite but informal) 
  • -() ?  
    => "Would it be all right to . . . ?" (more polite) 
  • -() ڽϱ?  
    => "Would you mind if . . . ?" (polite and formal) 
  • -() ðڽϱ?  
    => "Would you mind if . . . ?" (polite, formal, and honorific)
  • պǥ ()?  
    => How about buying a round-trip ticket? 
  • 10 ñ ٸ ?  
    => Would you mind waiting until ten o'clock? 
  • ֹø ðڽϱ?  
    => Would you mind staying over in Taejn? 

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4.  a. V. + // + ƴ϶
=> "it is not (the fact) that," "not . . . but . . ."

b. N. + / ƴ϶
=>
"it is not N. but . . . ," "not N. but . . ."

This expression amends the action, event, or item in the first part of the sentence by the second part.

  • Ÿ ƴ϶ Ż ſ. 
    => We are not taking an express bus, but we will take a train.
  • ƴ϶ 鵵 ģؿ. 
    => Not only is the weather nice here, but the people are also nice.

(b) 

  • ν ƴ϶ þƲ ߾. 
    => He arrived in Seattle, not Los Angeles.
  • Ű ƴ϶ ލ 뿪 ߾. 
    => Not Mr. Wilkey, but Matthew interpreted (it). 


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5.  a. A.V. + ()
=> "in the middle/midst of doing . . ."

b. N. + () 
=>
"among," "in the midst of . . ."
  • غϴ ̾. 
    => I am in the midst of preparing for an exam.
  • ĻϽô ߿ ˼մϴ. 
    => I am sorry (to bother you) in the middle 
    of your dinner. 
  • ϴ ߿ ȭ Դ. 
    => While I was working hard, the telephone rang.

(b) 

  • ߿ ȭ Դ. 
    => During the exam, a telephone rang.
  • ڷ ߿ ƱⰡ ߴ. 
    => During the television show, the baby started crying. 
  • л ߿ Ÿ α. 
    => Among the students, Natasha is the most popular.

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6.  -ٰ/- ׷()
=> "it's said (so)," it is called . . ."

This sentence ending is a colloquial expression similar to the indirect speech forms - () and -(). 

(See also L5, GN2)

  • λ꿡 ٰ ׷? 
    => Didn't you say you live in Pusan?
  • ǹ ̸ ? 
    => What's the name of that building?
  • ̶ ׷. 
    => They say it's Independence Hall. 


* - ׷() is not to be confused with ׷(), which has various meanings depending on the context, as shown in these examples: 

  • ̴? 
    => Are you vacation now? 
  • ׷. 
    => Yeah.
  • ӿ ÷? 
    => Will you come to the meeting tomorrow?
  • ׷. 
    => Yes, I will.
  • ǰ ʹ ο. 
    => The prices are too expensive these days.
  • ׷. 
    => You are right./I agree.
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