| 1. |
A.V. + ㄹ/을까 하다가 |
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=> "considered doing . . . but . . . ," "was going to . . . then . . ." |
-ㄹ/을까 하다가 is the combination of -ㄹ/을까 "consider doing" and -하다가 (interrupted action) and indicates that one considers doing one thing then changes to doing something else.
- 사양할까 하다가 해 보기로 했다.
=> I was going to decline but decided to try.
- 한국 음식을 시킬까 하다가 중국 음식을 시켰다.
=> I was going to order Korean food but then ordered Chinese.
- 비행기를 탈까 하다가 기차 편을 이용하기로 했다.
=> I was considering the airplane but decided to take the train.
- 머리가 아파서 집에서 쉴까 하다가 도서관에 왔다.
=> I was going to rest at home because of my headache but came to the library.
| 2. |
a. |
A.V. + 던 참이다/차이다 |
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=> "(I am) in the middle of doing/being . . ." |
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b. |
A.V. + 던 참에 |
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=> "in the middle of doing" |
As a colloquial expression, -던 참이다 indicates that "I am in the middle of an action" and that usually some other action follows. -던 참에 indicates that, in addition to "in the middle of an action," it is an opportune moment.
(a)
- 지금 뭐하니?
=> What are you doing?
- 번역하던 참야.
=> I am (in the middle of) translating.
- 어디 가요?
=> Where are you going?
- 과장님께 서류를 전해 드리러 가던 참이에요.
=> I was just on my way to deliver the paper to the manager.
(b)
- 배고프던 참에 잘 됐다. 먹으러 가자.
=> Great! I am (in the middle of being) hungry. Let's go eat.
- 과장님께 서류를 전해 드리러 가던 참에 과장님을 복도에서 만났다.
=> On my way to deliver the paper to the manager, I ran into her in the hallway.
A more often used pattern is -려던 참이다 or -려던 참에, which indicates that one is just about to do one thing when something else happens.
- 버스를 타려던 참에 그를 만났다.
=> As I was just about to get on the bus, I met him.
- 안 그래도 전화하려던 참이었어.
=> I was just about to call you anyway.
| 3. |
V. + ㄴ/은/는 데다가 |
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=> "in addition to," "not only . . . but also," "and also" |
This connective is composed of the -는데 connective followed by -다가.
- 물가가 오른 데다가 환율도 올랐다.
=> The prices have gone up, and the exchange rate has also gone up.
- 책도 많이 읽는 데다가 운동도 열심히 한다.
=> Not only does she read many books, but she exercises diligently.
- 재주도 많은 데다가 성격도 좋다.
=> Not only is he talented, but he has a good personality.
| 4. |
V. + 기를 바라다 |
=> "to wish," "to pray for," "to hope for" |
This expression indicates a simple wish, desire, or hope.
- 네, 그러기를 바랍니다.
=> Yes, I wish it would be so.
- 사업이 잘 되기를 바래요.
=> I pray your business will do well.
- 그 친구와 잘 지내기를 바래.
=> I hope you get along well with your friend.
- 선물로 사 준 책을 재미있게 읽기를 바랍니다.
=> I hope you will enjoy the book given to you as a gift.
| 5. |
V. + ㄹ/을 수밖에 없다 |
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=> "there is no way/choice but to . . . ," "have to" |
- 가격을 높일 수밖에 없다.
=> There is no way but to raise the price.
- 할 게 너무 많아서 밤을 새울 수밖에 없겠어요.
=> There is so much to do, I have no choice but to stay up all night.
- 돈을 절약할 수밖에 없었다.
=> I had to be frugal with money.
- 싫지만 치과에 가는 수밖에 없다.
=> I hate it, but there's no way but to go to a dentist.
| 6. |
N. phrase or clause + 을/를 시키다 |
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=> "to make (someone) do . . . ," "to order" |
The verb 시키다 is used in two ways: as a causative verb, it makes someone do something, and as a verb, it means "to order" in a restaurant. In the former sense, it is generally used with verbs that end in -하다, as in 이해(를) 하다, 공부(를) 하다, 입학(을) 하다, 숙제(를) 하다, 청소(를) 하다, or 걱정(을) 하다. Not all -하다 verbs can be used with 시키다―for example, 변하다 or 망하다.
a. "to make someone do something"
- 문제를 이해시켰다.
=> I made him understand the problem.
- 동생을 시켜서 도서관에서 책을 빌려 왔다.
=> I borrowed books by sending my younger brother to the library.
- 동생에게 심부름을 시켰다.
=> I sent him on an errand.
- 교실에서 말 시키지 마.
=> Don't make me talk in the classroom.
b. "to order"
- 나는 냉커피를 시켰다.
=> I ordered an iced coffee.
- 피자 일인분하고 스파게티 이인분을 시키자.
=> Let's order pizza for one and spaghetti for two.
