
|
 |
|
 |
| | | |
 |
Àº¿µ: |
¿©º¸¼¼¿ä. |
|
Çö¹è: | ¿©º¸¼¼¿ä, °Å±â Àº¿µÀÌ³× ÁýÀÌÁö¿ä? |
| Àº¿µ: | ³×, Á¦°¡ Àº¿µÀä. |
| Çö¹è: | Àº¿µ¾Æ, ³ª Çö¹è¾ß.1 Àß
ÀÖ¾ú´Ï? |
| Àº¿µ: | ÀÀ, Çö¹è±¸³ª. ³ Àß ÀÖ¾ú¾î. ³Í ¼¿ï ±¸°æ Àß Çϰí ÀÖ´Ï? |
| Çö¹è: | ¾Æ´Ï, ±æµµ Àß ¸ð¸£°í Çѱ¹¸»µµ ¼Åø·¯¼ È¥ÀÚ ´Ù´Ï±â°¡ ³Ê¹« Èûµé¾î. |
| Àº¿µ: | ±×·¡? ±×·³ À̹ø Åä¿äÀÏ¿¡ ³ªÇÏ°í °°ÀÌ ´Ù´ÏÀÚ. |
| Çö¹è: | °í¸¶¿ö. ¾îµð¿¡¼ ¸î ½Ã¿¡ ¸¸³¯±î?2 |
| Àº¿µ: | ³ÊÈñ ÁýÀÌ
¼¿ï¿ªÇÏ°í °¡±î¿ì´Ï±î3
°Å±â¿¡¼ ¸¸³ªÀÚ.
¼¿ï¿ª
¾ÕÀ¸·Î 12½Ã±îÁö °¥°Ô.4 |
| Çö¹è: | ¼¿ï¿ª¿¡¼ ³²»ê±îÁö °¡´Âµ¥ ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª °É·Á? ³ ³²»ê¿¡ °¡ º¸°í ½ÍÀºµ¥. |
| Àº¿µ: | ÇÑ »ï»ç ½Ê ºÐÂë °É¸± °Å¾ß. º°·Î ¸ÖÁö ¾Ê¾Æ. |
| Çö¹è: | ¿äÁò ºñ°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿À´Âµ¥, ±× ³¯Àº ³¯¾¾°¡
ÁÁÀ»±î? |
| Àº¿µ: | ¾Æ¸¶ ±¦ÂúÀ» °Å¾ß. °ÆÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¸¶. ±×¸®°í ¸¹ÀÌ
°É¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Ï±î ÆíÇÑ ½Å¹ßÀ» ½Å°í ¿À´Â °Í5µµ Àؾî¹ö¸®Áö ¸¶. |
| Çö¹è: | ¾Ë¾Ò¾î. ±×·³ ±× ³¯ º¸ÀÚ. Àß ÀÖ¾î. |
| Àº¿µ: | ±×·¡, ¾È³ç. |
(Åä¿äÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ)
|
| Çö¹è: | Àº¿µ¾Æ, ¾È³ç. ¸¹ÀÌ ±â´Ù·È´Ï? |
| Àº¿µ: | ¾Æ´Ï, º°·Î. ¼¿ïÀº
±³ÅëÀÌ ³Ê¹« º¹ÀâÇÏÁö? |
| Çö¹è: | ÀÀ, ÁöÇÏöÇÏ°í ¹ö½º°¡
¸¹¾Æ¼ ¹«¾ùÀ» Ÿ¾ß ÇÒÁö6 Àß ¸ð¸£°Ú¾î. |
| Àº¿µ: | ÁöÇÏö Ÿ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ» °Å¾ß. »¡¸® °¡ÀÚ.
¼¿ïÀº ¿©±â Àú±â¿¡ º¼ °ÍÀÌ
±²ÀåÈ÷ ¸¹¾Æ. |
| Çö¹è: | ±×·±µ¥ ¼¿ï¿¡ ¿¾³¯ °Ç¹°ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ï? ³ Çϳªµµ ¸ø ºÃ´Ù. |
| Àº¿µ: | ±×·³. ¼¿ïÀÌ 600³â µ¿¾È Çѱ¹ÀÇ
¼öµµ¿´´Âµ¥. ¿À´ÃÀº ³²»êºÎÅÍ ±¸°æÀ»
½ÃÀÛÇØ º¼±î? |
| Çö¹è: | ±×·¡. ÁÁ¾Æ. |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
|
¼¿ï ¾àµµ
Map of Seoul

°æº¹±Ã |
Kyŏngbok Palace |
µ¿´ë¹®
/ È«Àǹ® |
East Gate/Hongŏi Gate |
°í¼Ó ¹ö½º
Å͹̳¯ |
Express Bus Terminal |
ºÏÇÑ»ê
±¹¸³ °ø¿ø |
Pukhan-san Mountain
National Park |
±¹È¸ ÀÇ»ç´ç |
The Assembly Hall |
¼¿ï¿ª |
Seoul Station |
ÀÎõ ±¹Á¦ °øÇ× |
Inch'ŏn International Airport |
½Ãû |
The City Hall |
³²´ë¹® / ¼þ·Ê¹® |
South Gate/Soongnye Gate |
û¿Í´ë |
The Blue House
(Presidential Residence) |
³²»ê °ø¿ø |
Nam-san Mountain Park |
ÇѰ |
Han River
|
µ¶¸³¹® |
Independence Gate |
Àбâ / Extra Reading
¼¿ïÀº ÇöÀç Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¼öµµ´Ù. Á¶¼± ½Ã´ëºÎÅÍ Áö±Ý±îÁö ¾à 600³â µ¿¾È Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¼öµµ¿´´Ù. Áö±Ý ¼¿ïÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀº ¿¾³¯°ú ¸¹ÀÌ ´Ù¸£Áö¸¸ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¿¾³¯ÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¿©±â Àú±â¿¡¼ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¼¿ï¿¡´Â ´ëÇб³µµ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¹Ú¹°°ü°ú ¿¾³¯ °Ç¹°µµ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼¿ïÀº ¼¼°è¿¡¼ Àϰö ¹øÂ°·Î Å« µµ½Ã°í, ÇöÀç ¼¿ï¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ Ãµ¸¸ ¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â´Ù. ¼¿ïÀÇ ¾È°ú ¹Û¿¡´Â ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î »êÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ°í ÇѰÀÌ ¼¿ïÀÇ °¡¿îµ¥¸¦ È帣°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇѰ À§¿¡´Â ´Ù¸®°¡ ½º¹« °³Âë Àִµ¥ Áö±Ýµµ °è¼Ó ´Ù¸®¸¦ ¸¸µé°í ÀÖ´Ù.
¼¿ïÀº ±³ÅëÀÌ º¹ÀâÇØ¼ ¿îÀüÀ» ÇÏ¸é¼ ±¸°æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾î·Æ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¼¿ïÀ» ±¸°æÇÒ ¶§´Â ¿îÀüÀ» ÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù ÁöÇÏöÀ̳ª ¹ö½º¸¦ Ÿ´Â °ÍÀÌ ´õ ÁÁ´Ù.
|
¹®Çü°ú ¹®¹ý ( Patterns and Grammar Notes )
|
1. |
Non-polite (intimate or plain) style speech |
In the Korean language, the most important distinction is between the polite style and the non-polite style of speech. The non-polite style of speech is also known as intimate style or plain style speech. Non-polite style speech is used among social equals, by superiors to subordinates, and in intimate relationships.
Non-polite style speech employs different endings, depending on the tense and sentence type, as follows. (See also the intimate style speech chart below.)
a. Statement
Áö±Ý µ·ÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø¾î.
=> I have no money now.
³ª´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ Çѱ¹¾î°¡ ¼Åø·¯.
=> I'm not yet fluent in Korean.
¿©±â°¡ ¼¿ï¿ªÀ̾ß.
=> Here is Seoul Station.
-
Past
¾îÁ¦´Â µ·ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú¾î.
=> I had money yesterday.
¾îÁ¦´Â Ãß¿ü¾î.
=> It was cold yesterday.
-
Future
³»ÀÏÀº Â÷°¡ »ý±æ °Å¾ß.
=> Tomorrow I'll have a car.
±×ºÐÀÌ ³»³â¿¡ ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ µÉ °Å¾ß.
=> Next year, he will become a teacher.
b. Question
Çѱ¹¿¡¼ ÀüÈÇÏ´Ï?
=> Are you calling from Korea?
¾ê°¡ ³× µ¿»ýÀ̾ß?
=> Is this kid your younger sister/brother?
Áö±Ý ½Ã°£ Á» ÀÖ´Ï?
=>Do you have time right now?
-
Past
¾ðÁ¦ ¿Ô¾î?
=>When did you come?
±× ºÐÀÌ ³× ¼±»ý´ÔÀ̼̾î?
=>Was he your teacher?
ÆíÁö ½è´Ï?
=>Did you write the letter?
±×°Ô ¼÷Á¦¿´´Ï?
=>Was it the homework?
-
future
ÀüÈ ÇÒ °Å¾ß?
=>Will you call?
ÀüÈ ÇÒ °Å´Ï?
=>Will you call?
c. "Let's"
- Present
ÀÚ, ¶°³ªÀÚ.
=> Well, let's take off/leave.
Çб³¿¡ °¡ÀÚ.
=> Let's go to school.
d. Command
- present
¼÷Á¦ ÇØ.
=> Do your homework.
¹ä ¸Ô¾î(¶ó).
=> Eat your meal.
Áý¿¡ ÀÏÂï ¿À³Ê¶ó.
=> Come home early.
e. Exclamation
- Present
Àú ³ª¹«°¡ Âü »¡¸® ÀÚ¶ó´Â±¸³ª!
=> How fast the tree is growing!
½Ã°£ÀÌ »¡¸®µµ °¡´Â±¸³ª!
=> Ah, time goes fast!
Á¶½ÉÇØ, Â÷°¡ ¿Â´Ù!
=> Watch out, a car is coming!
³¯¾¾°¡ ÁÁ´Ù!
=> /The weather is nice!
À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ³»°¡ ã´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù!
=> This is just what I was looking for!
- Past
³ÊÈñµé, ¹ú½á ¹äÀ» ¸Ô¾ú±¸³ª.
=> All of you have already finished your meal.
¼÷Á¦¸¦ ´Ù Çß´Ù. (¸¸¼¼!)
=> (I) finished all my homework. (Hooray!)
|
Intimate style speech chart¡¡
|
¹®ÀåÇü
Sentence Type |
a. Æò¼¹®
Statement |
b. Àǹ®¹®
Question |
c. ûÀ¯¹®
"Let's" |
d. ¸í·É¹®
Command |
e. °¨Åº¹®
Exclamation |
Á¾°á¾î¹Ì
Sentence Ending |
-(¾î/¾Æ).
-(ÀÌ)¾ß. |
-(¾î/¾Æ)?
-´Ï?(-³Ä?) |
-ÀÚ. |
-(¾î/¾Æ).
-(¾î/¾Æ)¶ó.
-³Ê¶ó/-°Å¶ó. |
-±¸³ª!
-´Ù! |
ÇöÀç
Present Tense |
V. + (¾î/¾Æ).
N. + (ÀÌ)¾ß. |
V. + (¾î/¾Æ)?
N. + (ÀÌ)¾ß?
V. + ´Ï?
N. + (ÀÌ)´Ï? |
V. + ÀÚ. |
V. + (¾î/¾Æ).
V. + (¾î/¾Æ)¶ó.
V. + ³Ê¶ó/°Å¶ó |
V. + (´Â)±¸³ª!
V. + (¤¤/´Â)´Ù!
N. + (ÀÌ)´Ù! |
°ú°Å
Past Tense |
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò¾î.
N. + À̾ú¾î./¿´¾î. |
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò¾î?
N. + À̾ú¾î?/¿´¾î?
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò´Ï?
N. + À̾ú´Ï?/¿´´Ï? |
not applicable (N.A.) |
N.A. |
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò±¸³ª!
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò´Ù!
N. + (ÀÌ)¾ú/¿´´Ù! |
¹Ì·¡
Future Tense |
V. + ¤©/À» °Å¾ß.
N. + ¤©/ÀÏ°Å¾ß |
V. + ¤©/À» °Å¾ß?
V. + ¤©/ÀÏ °Å´Ï? |
N.A. |
N.A. |
V. + °Ú±¸³ª!
V. + °Ú´Ù!
N. + (ÀÌ)°Ú´Ù! |
"would it . . . ?," "do you think it will . . . ?"
Although this question generally solicits the listener's opinion, it requires different responses depending on the context of the question.
a. Inviting "yes-no" answer
: "would you like to . . . ?," "shall we . . . ?"
When the subject is we, this question invites the listener's permission or agreement.
- À̰ÍÀ» °°ÀÌ ÀdzíÇØ º¼±î¿ä?
=> Shall we discuss this together?
- À̵û Á¡½É ½Ä»ç¸¦ °°ÀÌ ÇÒ±î¿ä?
=> Shall we have lunch together later?
- ³×, ÁÁ¾Æ¿ä. °°ÀÌ ½Ä»çÇսôÙ.
=> Yes, that's good. Let's eat together.
b. Asking for an opinion
: "do you think . . . ?"
When the subject of the sentence is a third person (he, she, or
they), it asks for the
listener's opinion.
- ±è ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ Çб³¿¡ ¿À½Ç±î¿ä?
=> Do you think Mr. Kim will come to school?
- ³»ÀÏÀº ³¯¾¾°¡ ÁÁÀ»±î¿ä?
=> Do you think it will be nice tomorrow?
- ¾Æ¸¶ ÁÁÀ» °Å¿¹¿ä.
=> Probably, it will be nice.
c. Asking for advice
: "Which is better . . . ?," "Shall I do this . . . or that . . . ?"
When the subject is I, the question asks for the listener's advice.
- Á¦°¡ ÇѰ¡Áö ¿©ÂÞ¾î º¼±î¿ä?
=> Shall I ask a question?
- Á¦°¡ ±× ºÐ¿¡°Ô ÀüÈÇØ º¼±î¿ä?
=> Shall I telephone him?
- °øÇ׿¡ °¡´Âµ¥ °øÇ× ¹ö½º¸¦ Å»±î¿ä, Åýø¦ Å»±î¿ä?
=> I am going to the airport; shall I take an airport bus or a cab?
- Åýô ºñ½Î´Ï±î °øÇ× ¹ö½º¸¦ Ÿ¼¼¿ä.
=> Since a taxi is expensive, please take the airport bus.
"because," "since," "as," "for"
This causal connective often omits ±î and becomes (À¸)´Ï. It is used with a question or a "let's" sentence.
- ½Ã°£ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸´Ï±î »¡¸® °¡ÀÚ.
=> Since we don't have much time, let's go right away.
- ±× µ¿¾È ¿½ÉÈ÷ °øºÎÇßÀ¸´Ï±î Àß ÇÒ °Å¿¹¿ä.
=> Since you have studied hard, you will do well.
- Åýô ºñ½Î´Ï±î ÁöÇÏöÀ» Å»±î¿ä?
=> Since taxi fare is expensive, should we take the subway?
- ¾àÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸´Ï±î ¸Ó¸® ¾ÆÇ °Ô ¾ø¾îÁ³´Ù.
=> Because I took the medicine, I don't have a headache.
=> "I/we will . . ."
This informal and colloquial ending indicates the speaker's intention. It may be used to
indicate the intention of just the speaker.
- Á¦°¡ ½Ã°£À» ³¾°Ô(¿ä).
=> I will make time.
- Á¦°¡ ³»ÁÖ¿¡ ¶Ç ¿Ã°Ô(¿ä).
=> I will come again next week.
- Áö±Ý ¾à ¸ÔÀ»°Ô.
=> I will take the medicine now.
| |
5. V. + ¤¤/Àº/´Â/¤©/À» °Í |
=> "-ing," "to . . . ," "the fact that . . ."
-¤¤/Àº/´Â/¤©/À» °Í is a noun phrase, as shown in different tenses
below:
- ¹è¿ì´Ù
=> to learn
- ¹è¿ì´Â °Í
=> thing(s) being learned
- ¹è¿î °Í
=> thing(s) learned
- ¹è¿ï °Í
=> thing(s) to learn
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿ì´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸¹´Ù.
=> I am learning a lot of vocabulary.
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿î °ÍÀÌ ¸¹´Ù.
=> I learned a lot of words.
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿ï °ÍÀÌ ¸¹´Ù.
=> I have a lot of words to learn.
Note that in colloquial usage, °ÍÀÌ becomes °Ô.
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿ì´Â °Ô ¸¹´Ù.
=> I am learning a lot of vocabulary.
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿î °Ô ¸¹´Ù.
=> I learned a lot of words.
- ´Ü¾î¸¦ ¹è¿ï °Ô ¸¹´Ù.
=> I have a lot of words to learn.
| 6. V. + Áö ¾Ë´Ù |
=>"to know if/whether"
|
| V. + Áö ¸ð¸£´Ù |
=> "not to know if/whether" |
¾Ë´Ù and ¸ð¸£´Ù verbs use -Áö to mean "how to" or "if/whether," as illustrated in the examples below. When a question pronoun, such as ¾ðÁ¦, ¾îµð, ¿Ö, ´©°¡, ¾î¶², ¹«½¼ or ¹«¾ù, precedes this construction, the speaker is inquiring when, where, why, who, which, what kind, or what, respectively.
| µ¿»ç Verb |
With D.V. |
With A.V. |
With N. |
ÇöÀç
Present Tense |
V. + ¤¤/ÀºÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
V. + ´ÂÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
N. + ¤¤/ÀºÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
| ÅèÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª Å«Áö
¸ð¸£´Ï? |
ÅèÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÀдÂÁö
¾Ë¾Æ. |
ÁüÀÌ ÇлýÀÎÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä. |
°ú°Å
Past Tense |
V. + ´ÂÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
V. + ¾ú/¾Ò´ÂÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
N. + (ÀÌ)¾ú´ÂÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù.
|
| ÅèÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ÄÇ´ÂÁö
¸ð¸£´Ï? |
ÅèÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» Àоú´ÂÁö
¾Ë¾Æ. |
ÁüÀÌ ÇлýÀ̾ú´ÂÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä.
|
¹Ì·¡
Future Tense |
V. + ¤¤/ÀºÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
V. + ¤©/À»Áö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
N. + ¤©/ÀÏÁö ¾Ë´Ù/¸ð¸£´Ù. |
| ÅèÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ŬÁö ¸ô¶ó. |
ÅèÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÀÐÀ»Áö
¾Ë¾Æ. |
ÁüÀÌ ÇлýÀÏÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä. |
With a descriptive verb
- ±× ºñÇà±â°¡ ¾ó¸¶³ª ³ÐÀºÁö ¾Æ¼¼¿ä?
=> Do you know how wide the airplane is?
- ¾î¶² ¼±¹°ÀÌ ÁÁÀºÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä?
=> Don't you know which gift is appropriate?
With an action verb
- ¿äÁò â¼ö°¡ ¹«½¼ Ã¥À» ÀдÂÁö ¾Æ´Ï?
=> Do you know what books Changsu is reading?
- Ä£±¸°¡ ¿À´Ã ¹ã¿¡ ¿ÃÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä.
=> I don't know whether my friend is coming tonight.
With a noun
- ±× »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´©±ºÁö ¾Ë¾Æ¿ä?
=> Do you know who the man is?
- ±× »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÇлýÀÎÁö ¸ð¸£°Ú¾î¿ä.
=> He may be a student. / I don't know if he is a student.
In the past and future tenses
- ±× ºÐÀÌ Çѱ¹¿¡¼ ¿Ô´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æ¿ä?
=> Do you know whether he came from Korea?
- ¾ðÁ¦ºÎÅÍ ¼¿ïÀÌ ¼öµµ¿´´ÂÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä.
=> I don't know how long (from when) Seoul has been the capital.
- ³»ÀÏ °æÁÖ°¡ ±× Ã¥À» »ìÁö ¸ô¶ó¿ä.
=> I don't know if Kyung-ju is going to buy the book tomorrow.
|
| Copyright (c) All Rights reserved. University of California, Berkeley |
|
|
|
|