Unit 2 - Pamilya (Family)

BALARILA (Grammar):

Part I: ANG (NOMINAL) and NG (POSSESSIVE) PRONOUNS / PANGHALIP

The pronouns in this section are pronouns that are in focus. We call this set of pronouns ANG pronouns. ANG pronouns are used to replace ANG-words or SI/SINA-words.

REVIEW:  The Personal Subject Pronouns

These are used to replace noun phrases that refer to person(s). These are used to replace noun phrases that refer to person(s). There is a current trend though, especially among young Tagalog-speakers in the Philippines, of using these pronouns to refer to other animate and inanimate nouns. But this is a colloquial usage, and a Tagalog learner would be advised to try to limit the use of these pronouns to refer only to people.

ANG PANGHALIP
Person/Number                Singular                           Plural
1st Person                       AKO ( I )                        KAMI** (we-exclusive)
                                                                           TAYO***(we-inclusive)

2nd  Person                     IKAW/KA* (you)            KAYO (you all)
3rd  Person                      SIYA  (he/she)                 SILA (they)

*IKAW and KA are both equivalent to the singular YOU. IKAW is used in place of KA when it is the first word of the sentence for emphasis, or in isolation.
**KAMI or we-exclusive refers to the speaker and his or her group or people associated with her/him, but it excludes the hearer or the person being spoken to. 
 ***TAYO or we-inclusive refers to both the speaker and the hearer and possibly other person(s) associated with them in the context of the sentence or discourse.

Examples /Halimbawa:
1. Ako si Juanita.                          *I am Juanita.          *(Identificational sentences may start with the subject - Ako)
2. Siya ang pinsan ko.                    *He’s my cousin.
3. Saan ka pupunta?                        Where are you going?
4. Estudyante ako.  At ikaw?            I’m a student.  And (how about) You?  (ikaw - in isolation)
    Ikaw ang maganda.                        You are the pretty one. (ikaw – for emphasis)
5. Uuwi kami.                             We will go home.
6. Umuwi tayo                            Let us go home.
7. Nasaan kayo?                           Where are you?
8. Umalis sila.                              They left

NG-Panghalip

NG-pronouns are used to replace NG- or SI/SINA- words or phrases. NG-pronouns are not in focus. This set has the same functions as the NG- words or phrases.

NG Personal  Pronouns
Person/Number                         Singular                                     Plural
1st Person                                 KO (my/of me)                         NAMIN (our/of us-exclusive)
                                                                                             NATIN (our/of us-inclusive)
2nd  Person                               MO (your/of you)                      NINYO (your/of you)
3rd  Person                               NIYA (his/her/of him/of her)         NILA(their/of them)
Examples/ Halimbawa:

1. Tatay ko.                               My father.
2. Nanay mo                              Your mother.
3. Kapatid niya.                           His/her sibling.
4. Lolo namin.                            Our grandfather.
5. Pamangkin natin.                     Our nephew/niece.
6. Lola ninyo.                             Your grandmother.
7. Magulang nila.                         Their parents.

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Grammar (Pronouns)