| BALARILA
THE MAG- AFFIX
With the MAG- affix, the infinitive and the command are formed the same way.
The MAG- is prefixed to the verb root. For example:
Infinitive: mag-aral - to study
Command: Mag-aral ka! – (You) read!
Verb Inflection with MAG-
- Root Word hintay (wait)
- Infinitive/Command maghintay (to wait / Maghintay ka! (You)Wait!)
- Completed naghintay (waited)
- Incompleted naghihintay (waits, (is/are/was/were waiting)
- Contemplated maghihintay (will wait, will be going to wait)
How to form the INFINITIVE / COMMAND: Add the prefix MAG- before the ROOT WORD.
Hintay > Maghintay
How to form the COMPLETED ASPECT: Add the prefix NAG- before the ROOT WORD
hintay > nag + hintay > naghintay
How to form the CONTEMPLATED ASPECT: There are two steps to this: (1) Duplicate the first syllable of the root (consisting of the first consonant + vowel, or if the root begins with a vowel, duplicate only the vowel). Then (2) Add the prefix NAG- to the new root whose first syllable had been duplicated:
- Hintay > -hihintay
- > nag + hihintay (waits, is waiting)
How to form the INCOMPLETED ASPECT: (1) Duplicate the first syllable of the root, as you would for the contemplated aspect above, then (2) add the prefix MAG-. Compare the incompleted aspect to the contemplated aspect:
Incompleted: naghihintay (waits/waiting)
Contemplated: maghihintay (will wait)
THE INFINITIVE FORM:
Give the infinitive form of the following roots:
- laba (wash clothes) _______________________ (to wash clothes)
- maneho (drive) _______________________ (to drive)
- hugas (wash an object) _______________________ (to wash...)
- pasyal (drive around, walk around, ‘visit’) ___________________ (to cruise around…)
- laro (play a game, a sport) _______________________ (to play a game…)
- party (have or go to a party) _______________________ (to have/go to a party)
- –aral (study) _______________________ (to study)
- –iksamen (take a test/exam) _______________________ (to take a test…)
- –adobo (cook or eat adobo) _______________________ (to cook/eat adobo)
- –eroplano (take an airplane) _______________________ (to take an airplane)
- bayad (pay) _______________________ (to pay)
- e-meyl (send an e-mail) _______________________ (to e-mail)
- mano (greet with reverence: place an elder’s hand on your forehead) _______________
(to greet with elder’s hand on your forehead)
THE COMMAND FORM:
Give the command form of the same root above to form an imperative (command) sentence:
- laba _________________ ka! (Wash clothes!)
- maneho_________________tayo sa Las Vegas! (Let’s drive to Las Vegas!)
- hugas___________________kayo ng kamay! (Wash your hands!)
- simba__________________tayo sa San Agustin! (Let’s go to Mass in San Agustin!)
- laro____________________ka doon! (Play there!)
- party___________________tayo bukas! (Let’s party tomorrow!)
- -aral___________________ka sa kuwarto! (Study in the room!)
- –iksamen_______________kayo! (Take a test!)
- –adobo_________________nga po kayo, Lola! (Please cook adobo, Grandma!)
- –eroplano________________tayo sa Maui! (Let’s take the plane to Maui!)
- bayad___________________ka sa kahero! (Pay the cashier)
- e-mail__________________ka sa akin! (Send an e-mail to me)
- mano__________________kayo sa Lolo Andoy! (Reverence Grandpa Andoy.)
- sine___________________kayo sa Sabado! (Go to the movies on Saturday.)
- -almusal________________tayo sa restaurant! (Let’s have breakfast at a restaurant.)
THE COMPLETED ASPECT:
Your older sister is asking you to do what is listed on the left column. Respond to her in the completed form by saying that you have already (“na”) done them!
Ang sabi ng Ate ko… Ang sabi ko…
(My older sister said…) (I said…)
COMMAND COMPLETED
1. Mag-aral ka! 1._____________________ na ako, Ate.
2. Maghugas ka ng mga plato! 2._____________________na ako, Ate.
3. Magpasyal kayo sa Tagaytay. 3. ____________________ na kami doon, Ate.
4. Magpansit tayo! 4._____________________ na ako Ate.
5. Magmano tayo sa Lola! 5. _____________________ na ako Ate.
6. Magtrabaho kayo sa tindahan! 6. ____________________ na ako kahapon, Ate.
7. Mag-ayos ka ng kuwarto! 7. __________________na ako ng kuwarto, Ate.
8. Magsine tayo bukas! 8. __________________na kami Ate.
9. Magdala kayo ng kanin! 9.___________________na kami ng kanin, Ate.
10. Mag-almusal ka! 10.__________________ na ako, Ate.
THE CONTEMPLATED ASPECT:
Randy’s dad is checking if his eight children will be doing the following things (Contemplated). They tell their dad that they are already doing it now, or that it is already going on. (Incompleted)
Fill in the missing verb in these exchanges on the phone between the father and children.
Ang sabi ng Tatay… Ang sabi ng anak…
Dad said… And the children said…
[CONTEMPLATED] [INCOMPLETED]
- Randy, hindi ka ba mag-aaral? _Nag-aaral_______ po ako ngayon.
- Mila, hindi ka ba mag-aalmusal? _________________po ako ngayon.
- Jen, kailan ka ______________ sa ate mo? Nag-i-‘email’ po ako ngayon kay Ate Lisa.
- John, hindi ka ba________________? Opo. Nagluluto nga po ako ngayon.
- Albert! Ray! hindi ba kayo magbabasketbol? __________________po kami ngayon.
- Sonya, saan ka ba_____________ng tenis? Nagprapraktis po ako sa ‘gym’ ngayon.
- Lilia, hindi ka ba magtratrabaho sa aklatan? _________________po ako sa aklatan.
- Karen, hindi ka ba magsisimba? Heto nga po. _______________ ako
- Ray, hindi ka ba ____________ sa Misa? Hindi po. Nagbabasa na po si Krist
Magpapaalam (say goodbye) ka na ba? Paalam na po! (Goodbye!) |
