Unit 6 - Heograpiya (Geography)

BALARILA 1:

Um Verbs

Like MAG- verbs, UM verbs are actor focus verbs.  Actor-focus verbs mark the actor as the subject by placing an ang marker before the actor or by using the ang  pronoun for its subject

Unlike MAG- which is simply prefixed to the verb root, -UM- is infixed and prefixed, depending on whether the verb root begins with a vowel or a consonant.   It either case, -UM- precedes the first vowel of the root:.  Here is an example of a consonant-initial verb root [KANTA] that takes the affix –UM- to form the infinitive (to sing).

            CONSONANT-INITIAL VERB ROOT:
       ROOT               >            kanta                 (sing)
       First vowel:                        k A nta
       UM preceeding it:               kUMA nta
       Thus:                           kumanta                        (to sing)

Completed:             kumanta      here, action has begun -  therefore um is affixed;  and action has ended therefore, no duplication of 1st syllable of root occurs
Incompleted :            kumakanta   here, action has begun – um is affixed;  and action has not ended - duplicated 1st syllable occurs
Contemplated:            kakanta    here, action has not begun – um is absent; and action has not ended - duplicated 1st syllable occurs

PAGSASANAY:

Learn the following verbs in the infinitive form and write their roots on the blanks.

1. Bumangon To rise or get up            ____bangon__
2. Kumain To eat                          ____________
3. Gumising To wake up              ____________
4. Humiga To lie down                  ____________
7. Lumakad To walk                   ____________
8. Lumipad Flight To fly                 _____________
9. Lumuhod To kneel                  _____________
10. Lumusot To pass                   _____________
11. Ngumiti Smile To smile              _____________
12. Sumigaw Shout To shout                _____________
15. Tumalon To jump                  _____________
16. Tumakbo To run                    _____________
17. Tumawa To laugh                  _____________
18. Tumayo To stand up              _____________

Give the root word of and the meaning of the following verbs pertaining to natural phenomena:

Bumaha -To flood                   __flood:_       baha’______
Bumagyo -To storm                        ______      __________
Kumidlat -To flash, as lightning              ______      __________
Kumulog -To thunder                     ______      __________
Humangin -To blow, as wind       ______      __________
Lumindol - To quake                   ______      __________
Umalon –To undulate                    ______      __________
Umambon To drizzle                  ______      __________
Umaraw To become sunny        ______      __________
Umulan   To rain                   ______      __________

VOWEL-INITIAL VERB ROOT: The affix UM is placed before the first vowel of the root. Affixation is similarly formed as with consonant initial verb roots. Kanta and Inom, Kumanta and Uminom, Kumakanta and Umiinom, Kakanta and iinom share the same affixation and duplication processes for all three aspects.

Structure:
Umiiyak ang sanggol. The baby is crying.
Umiiyak ang mga sanggol. The babies are crying.
Umiiyak siya. He is crying.
Umiiyak sila. They are crying.
Umiyak ang sanggol kagabi. The baby cried last night.
Kagabi, umiyak ang sanggol.
Umiyak ang mga sanggol kahapon. The babies cried yesterday.
Kahapon, umiyak ang mga sanggol.
Umiyak siya kahapon. She cried yesterday.
Kahapon umiyak siya.
Iiyak ang sanggol. The baby will cry.
Iiyak ang mga sanggol. The babies will cry.
Iiyak siya. She will cry.
Iiyak sila. They will cry.

Isalin ang mga sumusunod na salita at pangungusap sa Filipino.

Structure:

An Actor Focus verb marks the actor with ANG and the location with SA. If the location gives reference to a person by name, the person’s name is preceded or marked by kay (singular) or kina (plural)  kay Jess, kina Ben at Jerry.

Root Word: Kain  (eat)
Infinitive: Kumain  (to eat)

Completed:          Kumain
Incompleted:       Kumakain
Contemplated:     Kakain

1. Maria ate at our house.
__________________________________
2. Maria and her friend will eat at our house.
__________________________________
3. The driver ate at our house.
__________________________________
4. He is eating in the car.
__________________________________

Ed….Below is supposed to be a chart with lines for the columns (no horizontal lines for rows)
Structure:
Verb + Actor  + (Direct Object)  + (Prepositional Phrase)

             1                                      2                                        3                                         4

Ed, The answer will appear on the blanks when you click them
Fill in the missing element:

1. Kumakain si Mike _ng___ pagkaing Bumbay. Mike eats Indian food.
2. Bumibili __sina____Mike ng gulay. Mike and others are eating vegetables.
3. Tumatawag __siya__ ng taksi. He is calling a cab.
4. Susulat _sila____ng tula. They are writing a poem.
5. Pumunta _ang kartero ____Dr. Ramos.  The mailman went to Dr. Ramos.
6. Kumain _si____ Mike __ng___ pansit kanina. Mike ate noodles earlier.
7. Bukas__si___ si Mike__sa__ doctor niya.  Tomorrow Mike will call his doctor.
8. Kumuha __ang__ mga bata _ng___kendi ___kina___Ginoo at Ginang Wonka. The children got candy from Mr and Mrs Wonka.
9. Kumain __sina____Mike ng gulay kagabi. Mike and others ate vegetables last night.
10. Bibisita __ang___mga guro _sa___mga museo. The teachers will visit the museums.