Unit 7 - Ang Pagkaing Pilipino (Filipino Food)

BALARILA

OBJECT FOVUS  -IN,  -AN, and I- VERBS:

            The suffixes –in and –an and the prefix  i - when used as affixes of the verbs indicate that the subject of the sentence is the object or the goal of the action.  They are usually used in verbs indicating a manner of cooking. 

Verb Affix                   Verb                Actor               Object (subject)
-in                              tanggalin            (mo)                ang buto.          
 (You)  remove the bones.

-an                             pakuluan            (mo)                ang manok.

(You) boil the chicken.

-i                              iluto                 (mo)                ang pansit.

(You) cook the pansit.

THE –IN OBJECT-FOCUS SUFFIX:  The infinitive form of the –in  verb  is formed by suffixing the –in to the root word.
 

    Root               +        in                      Infinitive

    
     alis                +     in              alisin   
   
     himay            +    in                       himayin

Sentences:
Alisin mo ang kawali sa apoy.            Remove the frying pan from the heat.
Himayin mo ang manok.             Shred  the chicken

If the root ends in a vowel sound, -hin is suffixed to the root.  A syllable ending in a glottal stop (') after a vowel does not end in a vowel sound. A glottal stop is considered a consonant.

   timpla        +  in                             timplahin  

   adobo       +  in                             adobohin

   hiwa'         +  in                            hiwa'in  > hiwain

  basa'         +  in                             basa'in  >  basain

Sentences:
Timplahin  mo ang sabaw.                         Season the broth/soup.
Adobohin mo ang manok.             Cook the chicken into adobo.
Hiwain mo ang repolyo.                     Slice the cabbage.
Basain mo ang tuwalya.                                Wet the towel.

Constructing the Verb Aspect of the –in Verb:

Completed Aspect:   Place the -in before the first vowel of the root:  

                                       
                                    in  +  alis            inalis                           'removed'
                                    in  +  himay     hinimay                      'shredded'

Inalis ni Carol ang kawali sa apoy.   Carol removed the frying pan from the heat/fire.
Hinimay ni Margie ang manok.             Margie shredded the chicken.

(Note:  In the examples above, the OBJECT/RECEIVER of the action which is the subject is a common noun  preceded by an ang. The DOER/ACTOR of the action which is a proper name is preceded with a ni.   )

Incompleted Aspect:   Reduplicate the first syllable of the root and then insert the –in- before the first vowel.

                                   
Root                 First syllable is reduplicated          in is inserted before the first vowel
 alis                           aalis                                                     inaalis                          '(is) removing'                   
 himay                      hihimay                                               hinihimay                    '(is) shredding'

Sentences:

Inaalis ng kusinero ang kawali sa apoy.            The cook is removing the frying pan form   the heat/fire.
Hinihimay ng babae ang manok.            The woman is shredding the chicken.

(Note that NG is the marker for the common noun DOER of an OBJECT FOCUS verb.)

Contemplated Aspect:  Reduplicate the first vowel of the infinitive form.

Root                   Infinitive form                        First syllable is reduplicated

alis                        alisin                                    aalisin                                    'will remove'
                        
himay                   himayin                                    hihimayin                        'will shred'

Sentences:

Aalisin ko ang kawali  sa apoy.            I will remove the frying pan from the heat/fire.

Hihimayin mo ang manok.            You will shred the chicken.

NG PRONOUN CHART - These are the actors or doers of Object Focus verbs.

 Singular                                        Plural

First Person:             ko                                                  namin  (exclusive)      
                                                                              natin    (inclusive)

Second Person:           mo                                                 ninyo

Third Person:             niya                                               nila

EXERCISES:

A.Construct the infinitive form, completed, incompleted, and contemplated aspects of the following in- verbs often used for cooking:

    Root                                  Infinitive        Completed         Incompleted              Contemplated

1. hiwa'
 (to cut with a knife)

2 .hati'
 ( to cut in half)

3. luto'
 (to cook)

4..gupit
 (to cut with scissors)
5. biyak
 (to cut with a knife)

6.dikdik
(to pulverize by pounding)

7. pitpit
(to flatten by pounding)

8.bati
[to beat egg(s)]

B. Express the following in Filipino:

1.      Slice the potatoes.
2.      Cut (with a knife) the carrots in half.
3.      Margie cooked adobo.
4.      Carol cut (with scissors) the lumpia wrapper.
5.      The man is cutting (with a big knife) the young coconut.
6.      The cook is pounding  three cloves of garlic
7.      We will pound a kilo of ginger for a ginger ale.
8.    She will beat  five eggs for the cake.