Unit 7 - Ang Pagkaing Pilipino (Filipino Food)

BALARILA 2

THE  I- OBJECT-FOCUS  AFFIX: 

The infinitive form of the i-verb is formed by  prefixing  i-to the root.

            I-                   Root              Infinitive
      i-            +                    prito              iprito
      i-              +                              laga                ilaga

Sentences:

  Iprito mo ang lumpya.             Fry the eggroll.
  Ilaga mo ang mais.                        Boil the corn.

Constructing the Verb Aspect of the I- Verb:

Completed Aspect:  To the infinitive form, insert  the infix  -in-  before the first vowel of the root:  

                                       
Root                   Infinitive form            -in- is affixed before the first vowel of the root
prito                       iprito                                    iprinito           
laga'                        ilaga'                            ilinaga'

Iprinito  ni Carol ang lumpya.                      Carol fried the egg roll.
Ilinaga ni Margie ang mais.                Margie boiled the corn.

Incompleted Aspect:   Reduplicate the first (consonant)-vowel of the infinitive form and then insert the infix –in-  before the first vowel of this reduplicated syllable.

Infinitive            First ( consonant-vowel) is reduplicated            - in- is inserted before the                                                                                 
                                                                                                first vowel of  the
                                                                                                reduplicated syllable

iprito                    ipiprito                                                            ipiniprito
ilaga                      ilalaga                                                  ilinalaga

Sentences:

Ipiniprito ng kusinero ang lumpya.            The cook is  frying the egg roll.
Ilinalaga ng babae ang mais.                        The woman is boiling the corn.

Contemplated Aspect:  Reduplicate the first syllable of the infinitive form.

                  Infinitive form                                    First (consonant)-vowel  is reduplicated

                   iprito                                                     ipiprito           
                        
                    ilaga                                                ilalaga

Sentences:

Ipiprito natin ang lumpya.            I will fry the egg roll.

Ilalaga ninyo ang mais.                        You (plural)will boil the corn.

EXERCISES:

A.Construct the infinitive form, completed, incompleted, and contemplated aspects of the following i- verbs often used for cooking:

    Root                                              Infinitive                  Completed              Incompleted             Contemplated

1. gisa                                      __________                __________                iginigisa                       ___________
                                                (to saute)

2 . halo                                __________              ihinalo'                               ___________           ___________
                                            (to add something
                                            to the mixture)

3. daing                                ___________           ___________           ___________              idadaing     
                                                (to marinate fish in
                                                vinegar and salt, then
                                                have it sundried)

4. adobo                                  iadobo_______          ___________           _____________          __________
                                  (to cook in vinegar,
                                  soy sauce, garlic
                                  and peppercorn. )

B.Express the following in Filipino:

5.      Saute the garlic, onions, and tomatoes.
6.      My sister mixed the shrimp.
7.      Mrs. Santos  will 'make daing' out of the bangus.
8.      They are cooking pork adobo. (Use the nominalized verb, adobo)

 THE AN-LOCATIVE-FOCUS SUFFIX:  The verbal suffix –an indicates that the subject of the sentence is the location of the action.

 The infinitive form of the –an  verb  is formed by suffixing the –an to the root word.
 

    Root               +     An                        Infinitive

    
     buhos                +     an             buhusan            'to pour'
   
     dagdag               +    an                   dagdagan            'to add onto...'

Sentences:

Buhusan mo ng mainit na tubig ang repolyo.        Pour hot water over the cabbage.

Dagdagan mo ng gatas ang kape.               Add cream to the coffee. 

As with the -IN  verbs, if the verb root ends in a vowel sound, -han is suffixed to the root. But if it ends in a consonant or a glottal stop ('), simply affix -AN at the end.

   sama        +   an                           samahan  
   marka       +  an                            markahan
   banli'         + an                             banli'an  >  banlian

Sentences:
Samahan mo ang dinuguan ng puto.                              Take the dinuguan with puto.
Markahan mo ang linuto mo.                                  Mark the dish that you cooked.
Banlian ninyo ng mainit na tubig ang hipon.            Pour hot water on the shrimp.

Constructing the Verb Aspect of the –an Verb:

Completed Aspect:   Place the –in-  before the first vowel of the infinitive form:  

                                       
            Infinitive                    Add –in- before the first vowel
                                   
            hugasan                      hinugasam
            banlian                         binanlian

Hinugasan  ni Carol ang mangga.            Carol washed the mango.
Binanlian  ni Margie ang repolyo.            Margie blamched the cabbage.

Incompleted Aspect:   Reduplicate the first syllable (consonant + vowel) or (vowel alone) of the infinitive and then insert the –an- before the first vowel.

                                   
Infinitive            First (consonant)-vowel is reduplicated                  -an-  is inserted before
                                                                                                       the first vowel
 hugasan                         huhugasan                                                     hinuhugasan
 banlian                           babanlian                                                         binabanlian

Sentences:

Hinuhugasan  ni Carol ang mangga.                       Carol is washing the mango.
Binabanlian  ni Margie ang repolyo.            Margie is blamching the cabbage.

Contemplated Aspect:  Reduplicate the first (consonant)vowel of the infinitive form.

Infinitive form            First (consonant)-vowel is reduplicated

hugasan                        huhugasan
                        
banlian                                    babanlian

Sentences:

Huhugasan  ni Carol ang mangga.                       Carol will  wash the mango.
Babanlian  ni Margie ang repolyo.                        Margie will blanch the cabbage.

(The doer here uses the instrumental form (doer of the passive action) of the pronoun , post position.)

EXERCISES:

A.Construct the infinitive form, completed, incompleted, and contemplated aspects of the following in- verbs often used for cooking:

    Root                                  Infinitive                            Completed                  Incompleted             Contemplated

1. timpla                        timplahan                                                                                                                    
                                    (to season
                                    something..)

2 .hati'                                                                                         hinahatian                                       
                      (to split something
                         with someone)

3. punas                                                    pinunasan                                                                      
 (to wipe)

B.Express the following in Filipino:

            Season the soup with pepper.  
            He split half of his food with his son.
            The waiter  is wiping the  table.